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MRI Related Terms

- M -

  • MAGNETIC GRADIENT

  • One of three linear magnetization waveforms superimposed on the main magnetic field at specific times within a pulse sequence to select the imaging region or provide necessary spatial localization information. A magnetic gradient is defined as the amount and direction of the linear rate of change of the magnetic field in space. MAGNETIC FIELD - magnetic lines of force which extend from a north polarity and enter a south polarity to form a closed loop around the outside of a magnetic material.

  • MAGNETIC MOMENT

  • A measure of the net magnetic properties of an object or particle. A nucleus with an intrinsic spin will have an associated magnetic dipole moment so that it will interact with a magnetic field (as if it were a tiny bar magnet).

  • MAGNETIC RESONANCE

  • The absorption or emission of energy by atomic nuclei in an external magnetic field after the application of RF excitation pulses using frequencies which satisfy the conditions of the Larmor equation.

  • MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY (MRA)

  • MR image visualization of selected vascular structures, such as the Circle Of Willis or the carotid arteries.

  • MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (MRS)

  • An MR technique wherein a sample is placed in a strong, very uniform, magnetic field, and stimulated with RF electromagnetic energy. If the field is uniform over the volume of the sample, "similar" nuclei will contribute a particular frequency component to the detected response signal irrespective of their individual positions in the sample. Since nuclei of different elements resonate at different frequencies, each element in the sample contributes a different frequency component. A chemical analysis can then be conducted by analyzing the MR response signal into its frequency components.

  • MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY

  • The extent to which a material becomes magnetized when placed within a magnetic field. Differences in magnetic susceptibilities at tissue borders are a frequent cause of MRI artifacts.

  • MAGNETIZATION VECTOR (Mz)

  • The integration of all the individual nuclear magnetic moments which have a positive magnetization value at equilibrium versus those in a random state.

  • MAXIMUM INTENSITY PROJECTION (MIP)

  • A processing method for MRA images. A MIP is a record of a maximum intensity ray (generated through a mathematical algorithm) as it passes through an angiographic volume. Each point in an MIP represents the highest intensity experienced in that location on any partition within the imaging volume.

  • MR IMAGING

  • The use of magnetic resonance principles in the production of diagnostic views of the human body where the resulting image is based upon three basic tissue parameters (proton density, T1 relaxation time, T2 relaxation time) and flow characteristics. MRA - See Magnetic Resonance Angiography. MRS - See Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy.

  • MULTI-ANGLE OBLIQUE

  • The ability to display anatomical structures in a variety of planes from the data acquired in just one scan.

  • MULTI-ECHO IMAGING

  • Imaging using a series of echoes acquired as a train following a single excitation pulse. In spin-echo imaging, each echo is formed by a 180� pulse. Typically, a separate image is produced from each echo of the train.

  • MULTI-SLICE IMAGING

  • An imaging technique in which the repetition period (TR) is utilized for acquiring additional slices in other layers or planes.


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MRI Terms


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