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General Medicine Terms

- V -

  • Vaginal hysterectomy

  • The uterus is removed through the vaginal opening.

  • Vaginosis, bacterial

  • Very common vaginal infection characterized by symptoms such as increased vaginal discharge or itching, burning, or redness in the genital area.

  • Vagotomy

  • Operation to cut the vagus nerve, which causes the stomach to produce less acid.

  • Vagus nerve

  • Nerve in the stomach that controls the production of stomach acid.

  • Valgus deformity

  • A lateral inclination of a distal bone of a joint from the midline.

  • Valve

  • Fold in the lining of an organ that prevents fluid from flowing backward.

  • Valves, heart

  • (the heart valves are tricuspid, pulmonic, mitral, and aortic) - the 'doors' between the chambers of the heart.

  • Valvuloplasty

  • Repairing a heart valve.

  • Varices

  • Stretched veins such as those that form in the esophagus from cirrhosis.

  • Varicose vein

  • An abnormally dilated vein, usually found in the legs.

  • Varus deformity

  • A medial inclination of a distal bone of a joint from the midline.

  • Vascular

  • Pertaining to blood vessels.

  • Vasodepressors

  • A medication that raises blood pressure.

  • Vasodilator

  • Agent that widens blood vessels.

  • Vector

  • A self-replicating DNA molecule that transfers a DNA segment between host cells.

  • Vein

  • A blood vessel that carries blood from the body back into the heart.

  • Velocardiofacial syndrome

  • An inherited disorder characterized by cleft palate, heart defects, a characteristic facial appearance, minor learning problems, and speech and feeding problems.

  • Ventilation

  • Movement of air (gases) in and out of the lungs.

  • Ventricle

  • One of the two pumping chambers of the heart; the right ventricle receives oxygen-poor blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs through the pulmonary artery; the left ventricle receives oxygen-rich blood from the left atrium and pumps it to t

  • Ventricular fibrillation

  • A condition in which the ventricles contract in rapid and unsynchronized rhythms and cannot pump blood into the body.

  • Vertebral artery testing

  • Evaluation procedure to assess the relationship between cervical spine movement and symptoms which may be vertebrobasilar in origin.

  • Vestibular neuronitis

  • Infection at the vestibular nerve.

  • Vestibular system

  • System in the body that is responsible for maintaining the body�s orientation in space, balance, and posture; regulates locomotion and other movements and keeps objects in visual focus as the body moves.

  • Vestibule

  • Bony cavity of the inner ear.

  • Vibrotactile AIDS

  • Mechanical instruments that help individuals who are deaf detect and interpret sound through the sense of touch.

  • Villi

  • Tiny, finger-like projections on the surface of the small intestine that help absorb nutrients.

  • Viral hepatitis

  • Hepatitis caused by a virus. Five different viruses (A, B, C, D, and E) most commonly cause this form of hepatitis. Other rare viruses may also cause hepatitis. (See also hepatitis.)

  • Virus

  • A noncellular biological entity that can reproduce only within a host cell. Viruses consist of nucleic acid covered by protein; some animal viruses are also surrounded by membrane. Inside the infected cell, the virus uses the synthetic capability of the host to produce progeny virus.

  • Vitamin

  • A group of organic micronutrients, present in minute quantities in natural foodstuffs, that are essential to normal metabolism.

  • Vitamin D Deficiency

  • (ricketts and osteomalacia) In children, the condition prevents normal bone development; in adults, a lack of vitamin D causes demineralization of bone, particularly in the spine, pelvis, and lower extremities.

  • Vitamin D Intoxication

  • A disorder marked by weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and impaired renal function.

  • Vitrectomy

  • An operation to remove the blood that sometimes collects at the back of the eyes when a person has eye disease.

  • Vitreous body

  • A clear, jelly-like substance that fills the center of the eye.

  • VNTR

  • Variable number tandem repeats; any gene whose alleles contain different numbers of tandemly repeated oligonucleotide sequences.

  • Vocal cord paralysis

  • Inability of one or both vocal folds (vocal cords) to move because of damage to the brain or nerves.

  • Vocal cords (VOCAL FOLDS)

  • Muscularized folds of mucous membrane that extend from the larynx (voice box) wall; enclosed in elastic vocal ligament and muscle that control the tension and rate of vibration of the cords as air passes through them.

  • Vocal tremor

  • Trembling or shaking of one or more of the muscles of the larynx - resulting in an unsteady-sounding voice.

  • Voice

  • Sound produced by air passing out through the larynx and upper respiratory tract.

  • Voice disorders

  • Group of problems involving abnormal pitch, loudness, or quality of the sound produced by the larynx (voice box).

  • Volvulus

  • Twisting of the stomach or large intestine.

  • Vomiting

  • Release of stomach contents through the mouth.


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General Medicine Terms


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